MOS管在电动车窗开关上的应用，提高使用寿命和安全性
Enhancing Durability and Safety with MOSFETs in Electric Window Switches
随着科技的不断发展，电动车窗已经成为汽车领域中必不可少的一部分。在电动车窗的关键部位——开关中，MOS管占据着非常重要的位置。电动车窗开关分为功率型和信号型两种，其中功率型电动车窗开关直接控制车窗电动机，信号型则是先向汽车车身控制模块（Body Control module,BCM）提供信号，再由BCM驱动电动车窗。
With the continuous development of technology, electric windows have become an indispensable part of the automotive industry. In the key part of electric windows - the switch, MOSFETs occupy a very important position. Electric window switches are divided into power type and signal type. The power type electric window switch directly controls the window motor, while the signal type provides a signal to the Body Control Module (BCM) of the car body, and then the BCM drives the electric window.
由于BCM成本较高，出于成本控制方面的考虑，功率型电动车窗开关成本更细，使用便利，因此在汽车领域的应用中，选择使用功率型电动车窗开关成为了首选。
Due to the high cost of BCM, for cost control considerations, the power type electric window switch is more cost-effective and convenient to use, and has become the preferred choice in the automotive field.
然而，电动车窗系统的继电器可能存在出点烧毁的风险。在继电器开关的过程中，触电之间存在着反电动势，产生电弧。为了解决这一问题，需要保证在开合继电器时，触电间的电势差为零，电压为零。而触电间要保持电势差不变，条件是继电器必须要一个断路中进行工作，这时线路中可以通过添加电子开关来达到想要效果。
However, there may be a risk of burning the contact point of the relay in the electric window system. During the relay switch process, there is a counter electromotive force between the contacts, which generates an arc. To solve this problem, it is necessary to ensure that the potential difference between the contacts is zero and the voltage is zero when opening and closing the relay. To maintain the potential difference between the contacts, the relay must work in a broken circuit. An electronic switch can be added to the circuit to achieve the desired effect.
在电动车窗的应用中，采用MOSFET场效应管作为电子开关。当MOS管将回路断开时，继电器才开始工作，此时及电磁触电不产生电势差。电动车窗原理图如下所示。
In the application of electric windows, MOSFETs are used as electronic switches. When the MOSFET disconnects the circuit, the relay starts to work, and there is no potential difference between the electromagnetic contacts, so no potential difference is generated during the closing of the relay switch. The electric window schematic diagram is shown below.
【电动车窗原理图】
[Electric window schematic diagram]
在选用MOSFET参数时，需要注意其性能要求稍高，且马达的反峰电压会对MOS管产生影响，需要MOS管有一定的耐压能力。采用MOS管参数为：Vds=60V;Id（Tc=25℃）=55A;Id（Tc=100℃）=34.8A；脉冲电压≤400V；Tj=-55~+150℃。可采用的VBsemi微碧产品型号有VBM1602、VBM1603、VBM1606、VBM1615、VBM1638等。VBsemi微碧产品型号参数图如下所示。
When selecting MOSFET parameters, it is necessary to pay attention to the slightly higher performance requirements, and the reverse peak voltage of the motor will affect the MOSFET and require the MOSFET to have a certain voltage resistance. The MOSFET parameters used are: Vds = 60V; Id (Tc = 25℃) = 55A; Id (Tc = 100℃) = 34.8A; pulse voltage ≤ 400V; Tj = -55 ~ +150℃. The available VBsemi Microgreen product models include VBM1602, VBM1603, VBM1606, VBM1615, VBM1638, etc. The VBsemi Microgreen product model parameter diagram is shown below.
【VBsemi微碧产品型号参数图】
[VBsemi Microgreen product model parameter diagram]
微碧半导体企业主要产品的封装有：SOP-8、TO-220（F）、TO-263、TO-247、TO-252、TO-251、SOT-23、SOT-223、SOT-89、QFN等系列封装产线。微碧半导体的产品广泛应用于3C数码、安防设备、测量仪器、广电教育、家用电器、军工/航天、可穿戴设备、汽车电子、网络通信、物联网IoT、新能源、医疗电子、照明电子、智能家居、电脑主板显卡、MID\UMPC、GPS、蓝牙耳机、PDVD、车载DVD、汽车音箱、液晶显示器、移动电源、手机电池（锂电池保护板）、LED电源等产品。微碧半导体有限公司以饱满的激情，拼搏务实的干劲，不断创新进取，致力于为客户群体打造出一座高效、便捷、直通、优质的服务桥梁。微碧部分MOS管产品封装图如下所示。
The main product packaging of Microgreen Semiconductor includes SOP-8, TO-220 (F), TO-263, TO-247, TO-252, TO-251, SOT-23, SOT-223, SOT-89, QFN and other series of packaging production lines. Microgreen Semiconductor products are widely used in 3C digital, security equipment, measuring instruments, radio and television education, home appliances, military/aerospace, wearable devices, automotive electronics, network communication, Internet of Things IoT, new energy, medical electronics, lighting electronics, smart home, computer motherboard graphics card, MID\UMPC, GPS, Bluetooth headset, PDVD, car DVD, car speaker, LCD display, mobile power supply, mobile phone battery (lithium battery protection board), LED power supply and other products. Microgreen Semiconductor Co., Ltd. is full of passion, practical and enterprising, constantly innovating and striving to build an efficient, convenient, direct and high-quality service bridge for customers. The packaging diagram of some MOSFET products of Microgreen is shown below.
【微碧部分MOS管产品封装图】
[Microgreen MOSFET product packaging diagram]
总之，MOS管在电动车窗开关上的应用，可以有效地解决继电器开关中存在的电势差问题，保证电动车窗的正常工作。而选用合适的MOSFET参数和型号，以及适当的封装，也能够保证MOS管在电动车窗中的稳定性和可靠性，提高电动车窗的使用寿命和安全性。
In summary, the application of MOSFETs in electric window switches can effectively solve the potential difference problem in relay switches and ensure the normal operation of electric windows. Choosing suitable MOSFET parameters and models, as well as appropriate packaging, can also ensure the stability and reliability of MOSFETs in electric windows, improve the service life and safety of electric windows.
